Outpatient evaluation of the adult with chest pain. In: Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management. Evaluation of the adult with chest pain in the emergency department. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
For instance, some children naturally sweat more, and many children sweat while they. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but options can include: In most cases, children with these symptoms dont have heart problems. electrocardiogram – measures electrical activity in the heart and can assess heart rhythm and evidence of old infarction or ischaemia.Inflammation of the heart muscle, also called myocarditis. Treating some types of heart valve problems may reverse heart failure. If a valve isn't working properly, the heart must work harder to pump blood. Doppler study – shows blood flow through the heart valves and evaluates whether the valves are functioning normally The valves of the heart keep blood flowing the right way.echocardiogram – sound waves sent to a special machine present a picture of the beating heart, so the doctor can see the heart as its chambers contract and relax.chest x-ray – this allows the doctor to see the overall shape and size of the heart and lungs.medical history – including a physical examination.This ‘stiffening’ of the blood vessels causes high blood pressure, which is a risk factor for enlarged heart.Īn enlarged heart is diagnosed using a number of tests including: old age – as we get older, our arteries lose some of their elasticity.lack of exercise – leading a sedentary lifestyle is a known risk factor for a range of conditions, including coronary heart disease and high blood pressure.obesity – carrying too much body fat is a risk factor for high blood pressure, which in turn can cause the heart to enlarge.Untreated, a thyroid condition can lead to high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol levels, irregular heartbeat and enlargement of the heart thyroid disease – the thyroid gland regulates many metabolic functions.previous heart attack – a weakened heart muscle may enlarge in order to keep up with the demands of pumping blood around the body.This condition can cause heart pain (angina) cardiac ischaemia – reduced blood flow to the heart.heart valve disease – for example, a faulty mitral valve allows blood to flow backwards, which means the affected heart chamber has to contract with more force than usual.A person may have a viral illness first and later have symptoms of congestive heart failure myocarditis – an infection of the heart that is generally caused by a virus.Rarer symptoms include dizziness and chest pain The most common symptom patients get with cardiomyopathy is shortness of breath and swelling of the ankles. Enlarged or ‘dilated’ heart is one of the most common types of cardiomyopathy. idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy – disease of the heart muscle, the cause of which is unknown.Causes of high blood pressure include obesity and a sedentary lifestyle high blood pressure (hypertension) – blood pumps with more force than usual through the arteries, which puts strain on the heart.This reduces the oxygen supply, which is the fuel for the pump This constant ‘silting’ is called atherosclerosis and it results in narrowing of the artery. coronary artery disease – fatty deposits or plaques build up inside one or more of the coronary (heart) arteries.Some of the many causes of enlarged heart include: When symptoms do occur, it may be because the heart fails to pump blood effectively and this leads to a syndrome known as congestive heart failure. In some cases, an enlarged heart is asymptomatic (has no symptoms). physiological – linked to other causes that are overworking the heart muscle, such as high blood pressure or thyroid diseases.pathological – linked to actual disease of the heart muscle.The range of underlying problems that can lead to an enlarged heart may be: Another name for an enlarged heart is cardiomegaly.
Older people are at increased risk of having an enlarged heart. An enlarged heart isn’t a condition in itself, but a symptom of an underlying problem that is causing the heart to work harder than normal. The heart is a muscular pump about the size of a clenched fist.
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